Male Menopause (Andropause)

What is andropause?

Andropause is the name given to the physical, sexual and mood changes that occur in men due to the decrease in testosterone levels with age. In the medical literature, it is called 'androgen deficiency in aging men' or 'late-onset hypogonadism'. It is known as male menopause among the public.

Is andropause the same as male menopause?

Although men, like women, have symptoms due to hormonal changes as they age, there are no obvious and timely changes as in women. In women, ovulation ends at the age of 45-50, hormone production decreases in a short time, and symptoms related to menopause become apparent in 1-2 years. In men, especially after the age of 50, symptoms begin more mildly and continue. They become apparent over a long period of time. It may not cause symptoms in every man.Because there is no real menopause that causes a sudden drop in testosterone levels.

Andropause age

As the aging population increases in developed countries, the diagnosis of androgen deficiency is also increasing. In epidemiological studies, 5% of men between the ages of 40-79 were diagnosed. However, due to low awareness, it is estimated that the actual diagnosis is higher.

What is androgen?

The most important known androgen is the hormone called testosterone. These hormones are important structures for both the physical and mental health of men. Although they are generally known as hormones with sexual functions, they also affect the skeletal system, blood production, and cognitive structures.

Functions of testosterone

• Completion of male sexual development: Regulates the development of the male-specific body structure, especially during puberty.
• Ensuring male-type body structure: Musculoskeletal system, hair structure and placement
• Regulates sexual desire and functions.
• Reproductive functions: Manages every stage of spermatogenesis.
• Increases the production of red blood cells.
• Effective in mood and cognitive functions.

When testosterone starts to decline?

Studies have shown that testosterone levels in men drop by an average of 1-2% each year after the age of 40. Compared to the peak period, there is generally a one-quarter decrease at age 50.

At what age is male menopause?

Although testosterone levels begin to decline after the age of 40, andropause symptoms are seen from the age of 50-55. The frequency and severity of symptoms may increase as age increases. It is not correct to give a definite age limit.

Andropause symptoms

• Decreased sexual desire, loss of libido
• Erectile dysfunction
• Decreased muscle density, increased fat
• Osteoporosis
• Depression, tension, loss of self-confidence
• Symptoms related to anemia, fatigue
• Sweating, hot flushes

Andropause test

The diagnosis of androgen deficiency (andropause) in aging men is made by low testosterone levels together with the relevant symptoms. Since other diseases such as some cancers, depression, diabetes and thyroid diseases can also cause the symptoms mentioned, these should also be investigated. Testosterone measurements should be made on an empty stomach and between 08:00 and 11:00 in the morning. Diagnosis should be made with at least two measurements.

At what age does anropause begin?

Andropause symptoms usually begin after the age of 50. However, in cases where testosterone production decreases for various reasons (excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, etc.),andropause symptoms can also be seen at earlier ages.

How is andropause treated?

In individuals who are considered to have andropause, the basic principle includes an approach aimed at reducing symptoms. If the level of testosterone needs to be increased, it should be replaced. Direct symptom-oriented treatment may also be necessary. For example, treatments for erection (drug treatments, penile implant surgeries),treatments for osteoporosis and anemia, etc.

Natural andropause treatment

Regular exercise, increasing muscle strength and reducing the amount of fat in our body increases testosterone production. Protein and Mediterranean type diet, foods containing zinc also activate testosterone production. In this context, it is recommended to consume red and white meat, seafood, eggs, nuts, avocado, green vegetables. Regular and sufficient sleep also increases testosterone production. Because testosterone is produced in our body mostly during sleep at night and reaches its peak in the morning. Stress reduces testosterone production and therefore stress should be avoided. Especially chronic alcohol consumption, smoking also reduces testosterone levels and should be avoided.

Andropause supplements

There are various forms of testosterone preparations (applied to the skin and applied to the muscle). Once diagnosed, treatment is started by the relevant physician. However, since it is necessary to use it with caution in prostate diseases, blood diseases and some cardiovascular diseases, it is especially useful to apply it under the supervision of a urology, endocrinology (internal medicine) or geriatric specialist.

Andropause and sexuality

Men diagnosed with andropause may experience reluctance and erection problems. There may be problems both initiating and maintaining erection, and sexual health may deteriorate. Individuals with these symptoms are advised to consult a urologist. Various treatment methods may be recommended, from lifestyle recommendations to supportive care, from regular medications to penile implant surgery.